orders has columns order_id, customer_id, placed_at (datetime)
and amount.
Add a change column holding the amount minus that customer's previous order
amount, in chronological order. A customer's first order has no predecessor and
gets NaN rather than reaching back into another customer's history.
Return the original columns plus change, sorted by customer_id then
placed_at, with the index renumbered from 0.
Input
order_id customer_id placed_at amount
0 1 1 2022-01-01 10.0
1 2 1 2022-01-05 25.0
2 3 2 2022-01-02 50.0
3 4 1 2022-01-09 20.0
Output
order_id customer_id placed_at amount change
0 1 1 2022-01-01 10.0 NaN
1 2 1 2022-01-05 25.0 15.0
2 4 1 2022-01-09 20.0 -5.0
3 3 2 2022-01-02 50.0 NaN